Giải bài 1 trang 57 - SGK môn Hóa học lớp 11 nâng cao

a.

 $2N{{H}_{3}}+3CuO\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}}}3Cu+{{N}_{2}}\uparrow +3{{H}_{2}}O \\ $

${{N}_{2}}+3{{H}_{2}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}},\,xt}2N{{H}_{3}} \\ $

 $2N{{H}_{3}}+5{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}},\,xt}2NO+3{{H}_{2}}O \\ $

 $2NO+{{O}_{2}}\to 2N{{O}_{2}} \\ $

 $4N{{O}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}+2{{H}_{2}}O\to 4HN{{O}_{3}} \\ $

$HN{{O}_{3}}+NaOH\to NaN{{O}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}O \\ $

$2NaN{{O}_{3}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}}}2NaN{{O}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}\uparrow \\$

b.

(1) $\,{{N}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}}}NO$

(2) $2N{{H}_{3}}+3FeO\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}}}3Fe+{{N}_{2}}+3{{H}_{2}}O$

(3) ${{N}_{2}}+3{{H}_{2}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}},\,xt}2N{{H}_{3}}$

(4) $4N{{H}_{3}}+5{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}},\,xt}4NO+6{{H}_{2}}O$

(5) $2NO+{{O}_{2}}\to 2N{{O}_{2}}$

(6) $Cu+4HN{{O}_{3}}\to Cu{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}+2N{{O}_{2}}\uparrow +2{{H}_{2}}O$

(7) $4N{{O}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}+2{{H}_{2}}O\to 4HN{{O}_{3}}$

(8) $Cu{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}S\to CuS\downarrow +2HN{{O}_{3}}$

(9) $CuO+2HN{{O}_{3}}\to Cu{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}O$

(10) $3CuO+2N{{H}_{3}}\xrightarrow{{{t}^{0}}}3Cu+{{N}_{2}}+3{{H}_{2}}O$

Ghi nhớ:

Axit nitric có tính oxi hóa rất mạnh và là 1 axit mạnh