Giải bài 1 trang 145 SGK Hoá học 11

$\begin{align} & a){{C}_{4}}{{H}_{6}}: \\ & \_\,CH\equiv C-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{3}}\,(but-1-in) \\ & \_\,C{{H}_{3}}-C\equiv C-C{{H}_{3}}\,(but-2-in) \\ & {{C}_{5}}{{H}_{8}}: \\ & \_\,CH\equiv C-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{3}}(Pent-1-in) \\ & \_\,C{{H}_{3}}-C\equiv C-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{3}}(Pent-2-in) \\ & \_C{{H}_{3}}-\underset{\left| {} \right.}{\mathop{CH}}\,-C\equiv CH(3-Metylbut-1-in) \\ & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}} \\ \end{align}$

$\begin{align} & b)\,Pent-2-in:\,C{{H}_{3}}-C\equiv C-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{3}} \\ & 3-metylpent-1-in:\,C{{H}_{3}}-C{{H}_{2}}-\underset{\left| {} \right.}{\mathop{CH}}\,-C\equiv CH \\ & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}}\,\,\,\,\,\, \\ & 2,5- đimetylhex-3-in:\,C{{H}_{3}}-\underset{\left| {} \right.}{\mathop{CH}}\,-C\equiv C-\underset{\left| {} \right.}{\mathop{CH}}\,-C{{H}_{3}} \\ & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}} \\ \end{align}$